a: \(x^2-x-3m-2=0\)

\(\text{Δ}=\left(-1\right)^2-4\cdot1\cdot\left(-3m-2\right)\)

\(=1+12m+8=12m+9\)

Để phương trình có nghiệm kép thì Δ=0

=>12m+9=0

=>12m=-9

=>\(m=-\dfrac{3}{4}\)

Thay m=-3/4 vào phương trình, ta được:

\(x^2-x-3\cdot\dfrac{-3}{4}-2=0\)

=>\(x^2-x+\dfrac{1}{4}=0\)

=>\(\left(x-\dfrac{1}{2}\right)^2=0\)

=>\(x-\dfrac{1}{2}=0\)

=>\(x=\dfrac{1}{2}\)

b: Theo Vi-et, ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{b}{a}=\dfrac{-\left(-1\right)}{1}=1\\x_1\cdot x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=\dfrac{-3m-2}{1}=-3m-2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-3x_1x_2\)

\(=1^2-3\left(-3m-2\right)\)

\(=1+9m+6=9m+7\)

c: \(\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2=1^2=1\)

d: \(\left(x_1\right)^2\cdot\left(x_2\right)^2=\left[x_1x_2\right]^2\)

\(=\left(-3m-2\right)^2\)

\(=9m^2+12m+4\)

\(\text{Δ}=\left[-\left(m+1\right)\right]^2-4\cdot1\cdot m\)

\(=\left(m+1\right)^2-4m\)

\(=\left(m-1\right)^2>=0\forall m\)

=>Phương trình luôn có hai nghiệm

Theo Vi-et, ta có:

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=-\dfrac{b}{a}=m+1\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{c}{a}=m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(x_1^2+x_2^2=\left(x_1-1\right)\left(x_2-1\right)-x_1-x_2+5\)

=>\(\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-2x_1x_2=x_1x_2-2\left(x_1+x_2\right)+6\)

=>\(\left(m+1\right)^2-2m=m-2\left(m+1\right)+6\)

=>\(m^2+1=m-2m-2+6\)

=>\(m^2+1=-m+4\)

=>\(m^2+m-3=0\)

=>\(m=\dfrac{-1\pm\sqrt{13}}{2}\)

\(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=\dfrac{20a-11}{2012}\\x_1x_2=-1\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(P=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2+2\left(\dfrac{x_1-x_2}{2}-\dfrac{x_1-x_2}{x_1x_2}\right)^2\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2+2\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}-\dfrac{1}{x_1x_2}\right)^2\)

\(=\dfrac{3}{2}\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2+2\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2\left(\dfrac{1}{2}+1\right)^2\)

\(=6\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2=6\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2-24x_1x_2\)

\(=6\left(\dfrac{20a-11}{2012}\right)^2+24\ge24\)

Dấu "=" xảy ra khi \(a=\dfrac{11}{20}\)

Phương trình có 2 nghiệm 

Theo Vi-ét ta có: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=4\\x_1x_2=\dfrac{2}{3}\end{matrix}\right.\)

Ta có: \(A=x_1^3+x_1x_2+x_2^3-x_1x_2=\left(x_1+x_2\right)\left(x_1^2+x^2_2-x_1x_2\right)\)

              \(=\left(x_1+x_2\right)\left[\left(x_2+x_1\right)^2-3x_2x_1\right]=4\cdot\left(4^2-3\cdot\dfrac{2}{3}\right)=56\)

Δ=(2m+2)^2-4(-m-5)

=4m^2+8m+4+4m+20

=4m^2+12m+24

=4(m^2+3m+6)

=4(m^2+2*m*3/2+9/4+15/4)

=4(m+3/2)^2+15>=15

=>PT luôn có 2 nghiệm

(x1-x2)^2-x1(x1+3)-x2(x2+3)=-4

=>(x1+x2)^2-4x1x2-(x1+x2)^2+2x1x2-3(x1+x2)=-4

=>-2(-m-5)-3(2m+2)=-4

=>2m+10-6m-6=-4

=>-4m+4=-4

=>-4m=-8

=>m=2

\(\Delta'=\left(2m+1\right)^2-\left(4m^2+4m\right)=1>0;\forall m\Rightarrow\) pt luôn có 2 nghiệm pb

Theo hệ thức Viet: \(\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2=2\left(2m+1\right)\\x_1x_2=4m^2+4m\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\left|x_1-x_2\right|=x_1+x_2\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}x_1+x_2\ge0\\\left(x_1-x_2\right)^2=\left(x_1+x_2\right)^2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}2\left(2m+1\right)\ge0\\-2x_1x_2=2x_1x_2\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\\x_1x_2=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Leftrightarrow\left\{{}\begin{matrix}m\ge-\dfrac{1}{2}\\4m^2+4m=0\end{matrix}\right.\)

\(\Rightarrow\left[{}\begin{matrix}m=0\\mm=-1< -\dfrac{1}{2}\left(loại\right)\end{matrix}\right.\)

áp dụng vi et 
x1+x2=\(\dfrac{-b}{a}=4m+2\)
x1.x2=\(\dfrac{c}{a}=4m^2+4m\)
ta có :
\(|x_1-x_2|=x_1+x_2\)
<->(x1-x2)²=(x1+x2)²
<->(x1+x2)²-4x₁.x₂=(4m+2)²
<->(4m+2)²-4(4m²+4m)=(4m+2)²
<->16m²+4+16m-16m²-16m=16m²+4+16m
<->16m²+16m=0
<->16m(m+1)=0
<->m=0
     m=-1
vậy m =0 và m=-1 thì tm hệ thức trên